Evaluación del efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas en diferentes tiempos y concentraciones sobre la viabilidad de fibroblastos de ligamento periodontal y osteoblastos
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RESUMEN. Antecedentes: Los factores de crecimiento utilizados en salud se pueden obtener de una fuente autóloga de primera generación llamada plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP). La diversidad de protocolos para prepararlos genera resultados variables en cuanto al tiempo entre la activación del PRP y sus efectos sobre la proliferación y viabilidad celular. Objetivo: Evaluar proliferación y viabilidad celular de fibroblastos de ligamento periodontal y osteoblastos tratados con PRP en diferentes concentraciones y tiempos de aplicación. Métodos: Se cultivaron líneas celulares de fibroblastos y osteoblastos y se preparó el PRP de sangre venosa de un adulto sano mediante centrifugación, seguido de activación con CaCl2 al 10 %. El efecto sobre la proliferación de las líneas celulares, tras la aplicación de PRP y plasma pobre en plaquetas al 1 %, 3 % y 5 % se evaluó a las 0, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas después de su activación mediante MTS. El grupo control consistió en cultivos sin tratamiento. Los datos se analizaron mediante las pruebas de Chi cuadrado, Fischer y McNemar. Resultados: Se observó un aumento de la viabilidad en células tratadas con PRP a las 24 horas después de su activación en una concentración del 5 %. El ensayo de viabilidad celular mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control (p = 0,05). Conclusión: Los cultivos de fibroblastos y osteoblastos mostraron una tendencia a mayor viabilidad a las 24 horas posterior a la activación con PRP al 5 %.
ABSTRACT. Background: Growth factors used in health treatments can be obtained from a first-generation source called platelet-rich plasma. The variety of protocols to prepare PRP produces variable results regarding PRP activation time and its effects on cell proliferation and viability. Purpose: To evaluate proliferation and cell viability of periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts stimulated with PRP in several concentrations and times after PRP activation. Methods: An in vitro study was carried out using periodontal ligament fibroblast and osteoblast cell cultures. PRP from venous blood of a healthy adult was prepared through centrifugation and activated with 10 % CaCl2. The effect on cell proliferation after application of 1 %, 3 %, and 5% PRP and platelet-poor plasma was evaluated at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after activation through MTS. The control group consisted of culture that did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed using Chi square, Fisher, and McNemar tests. Results: The cell viability assay showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control groups. Cell viability increased in cells treated with 5 % PRP 24 hours after activation (p=0.05). Conclusions: Fibroblast and osteoblast cell lines tended to be more viable 24 hours after activation with 5% PRP.
molecular biology, periodontics, cell cultures, cell proliferation, cell viability, in vitro, osteoblast, platelet-rich plasma, periodontal ligament fibroblastbiología molecular, periodoncia, cultivos celulares, fibroblasto de ligamento periodontal, in vitro, osteoblasto, plasma rico en plaquetas, proliferación celular, viabilidad celular
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