Cáncer escamocelular orofaríngeo: experiencias y avances en la Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia
Publicado
oct 14, 2020
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Dabeiba Adriana García Robayo
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-9138
Jairo Alberto Bustillo Rojas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-8351
Fredy Omar Gamboa Jaimes
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-9837
Angel Cid Arregui
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-2922
Camilo Javier Bernal Vélez
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-3285
Malory Daniela García Quiñones
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-7519
Paola Hernández Sánchez
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2023-2207
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-9138
Jairo Alberto Bustillo Rojas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-8351
Fredy Omar Gamboa Jaimes
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-9837
Angel Cid Arregui
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-2922
Camilo Javier Bernal Vélez
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-3285
Malory Daniela García Quiñones
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-7519
Paola Hernández Sánchez
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2023-2207
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Resumen
Antecedentes: En Colombia, el carcinoma escamocelular orofaríngeo (CEO) puede afectar tanto a hombres como a mujeres. Cerca del 30 % tiene como causa la infección con el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y el 70 % se debe al consumo excesivo de tabaco y alcohol. La historia natural de la enfermedad del CEO es similar a la del cáncer cervical. Se ha observado una asociación positiva entre Chlamydia trachomatis y VPH. A partir de esa evidencia, se podría hipotetizar que, para el CEO, las bacterias orales tendrían alguna asociación positiva con el VPH. Objetivo: Exponer algunas experiencias y avances sobre el CEO en la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, Colombia. Hallazgos: En este grupo de investigación se realizó primero una descripción del papel del VPH en CEO (frecuencia, tipos virales de alto riesgo e integración viral) en muestras de pacientes con cáncer en Colombia. Un segundo estudio consistió en una revisión sistemática de la literatura en la que se buscó identificar posibles bacterias asociadas al desarrollo del CEO. En un último estudio se evaluó la frecuencia de bacterias orales asociadas a procesos carcinogénicos y su posible coinfección con VPH en pacientes con CEO e incluyó una comparación con personas sanas. Conclusión: En este manuscrito se presentan los resultados propios más relevantes que permiten comprobar la hipótesis formulada.
Keywords
bactéria, bacterioma, carcinoma orofaríngeo, epidemiologia oral, medicina oral, microbiologia, microbiologia oral, microbiota, odontologia, oncologia, prognóstico, vírus do papiloma humanobacteria, bacterioma, carcinoma orofaríngeo, epidemiología oral, medicina oral, microbiología, microbiología oral, microbiota, odontología, oncología, pronóstico, virus del papiloma humanobacteria, bacteriome, dentistry, human papilloma virus, microbiology, microbiota, oncology, oral epidemiology, oral medicine, oral microbiology, oropharyngeal carcinoma, prognosis
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2. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-ESE (INC). Anuario estadítico 2017. Volumen 15. Bogotá, Colombia; INC; 2020. https://www.cancer.gov.co/files/libros/archivos/AnuarioINC2017.
3. Betiol J, Villa L, Sichero L. Impact of HPV infection on the development of head and neck cancer. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2013; 46(3): 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20132703
4. González Díaz M, Motta-Vargas L, Moreno Torres A, Chala Galindo A, Tupaz Erira H, García- Robayo D. La infección por virus del papiloma humano afecta el pronóstico del cáncer orofaríngeo escamocelular. Univ Odontol. 2014; 33(71): 55-63. https://doi.org/ 10.11144/Javeriana.uo33-71.ivph.
5. Meurman J, Uittamo J. Oral micro-organisms in the etiology of cancer. Act Odontol Scand. 2008; 66(6): 321-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016350802446527
6. Tateda M, Shiga K, S. S, Sone M, Hori T, Yokoyama J, et al. Streptococcus anginosus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Implication in carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Med. 2000; 6(6): 699-703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.6.6.699.
7. Silins I, Ryd W, Strand A, Wadell G, Tornberg S, Hansson B, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection and persistence of human papillomavirus. Int J Cancer. 2005; 116(1): 110-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.20970
8. Insinga R, Pérez G, Wheeler C, Koutsky L, Garland S, Leodolter S. Incidence, duration, and reappearance of type-specific cervical human papillomavirus infections in young women. Cancer epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010; 19(6): 1585-1594. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-1235
9. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Guías de práctica clínica en enfermedades neoplásicas: Instituto Nacional de Cancerología; 2001. 2ª Edición. Bogotá, Colombia. https://www.cancer.gov.co/files/libros/archivos/Guias.
10. Edge SB, Compton CC. The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010; 17(6): 1471-1474. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-010-0985-4
11. DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA (editors). DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology. 11th Edition. Washington, DC: Wolters Kluwer; 2018.
12. Bullock MJ. Current challenges in the staging of oral cancer. Head Neck Pathol. 2019; 13(3): 440-448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-019-01014-4.
13. Warnakulasuriya S, Reibel J, Bouquot J, Dabelsteen E. Oral epithelial dysplasia classification systems: predictive value, utility, weaknesses and scope for improvement. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008; 37(3): 127-133. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00584.x.
14. Muñoz N. Human papillomavirus and cancer: the epidemiological evidence. J Clin Virol. 2000; 19(1-2): 1-5. http://doi.org/10.1016/s1386-6532(00)00125-6.
15. Zheng ZM, Baker CC. Papillomavirus genome structure, expression, and post-transcriptional regulation. Front Biosci. 2006; 11: 2286-2302. http://doi.org/10.2741/1971.
16. Doorbar J. The papillomavirus life cycle. J Clin Virol. 2005; 32: 7-15. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2004.12.006.
17. Narisawa-Saito M, Kiyono T. Basic mechanisms of high risk human papillomavirus-induced carcinogenesis: Roles of E6 and E7 proteins. Cancer Sci. 2007; 98(10): 1505-1511. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00546.x.
18. Johung K, Goodwin EC, Dimaio D. Human papillomavirus E7 Repression in cervical carcinoma cells initiates a transcriptional cascade driven by the retinoblastoma family, resulting in senescence. J Virol. 2007; 81(5): 2102-2116. http://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02348-06.
19. Shai A, Brake T, Somoza C, PF L. The human papillomavirus E6 Oncogene dysregulates the cell cycle and contributes to cervical carcinogenesis through two independent activities. Cancer Res. 2007; 67(4): 1626-1635. http://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3344.
20. Pett M, Coleman N. Integration of high-risk human papillomavirus: a key event in cervical carcinogenesis. J Pathol. 2007; 212(4): 355-367. http://doi.org/10.1002/path.2192.
21. Constandinou-Williams C , Collins SI, Roberts S, YoungLS, Woodman CB, PG. M. Is human papillomavirus viral load a clinically useful predictive marker: a longitudinal study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010; 19(3): 832-837. http://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0838.
22. Nichols A, Dhaliwal S, Dowthwaite S, Siddiqui I, Venkatesan V, Todorovic B, et al. Does HPV type affect outcome in oropharyngeal cancer. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013; 42(1): 9. http://doi.org/10.1186/1916-0216-42-9.
23. Leemans C, Braakhuis J, Brakenhoff RH. The molecular biology of head and neck cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011; 11(1): 9-22. http://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2982.
24. Badaracco G, Rizzo C, Mafera B, Pichi B, Giannarelli D, Rahimi S, et al. Molecular analyses and prognostic relevance of HPV in head and neck tumours. Oncol Rep. 2007; 17(4): 931-939.
25. Baseman JG, Koutsky LA. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections. J Clin Virol. 2005; 32(Suppl 1): S16-S24. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2004.12.008.
26. Huang SS, Hao DZ, Zhang Y, Liu HM, Shan WS. Progress in studies of the mechanisms and clinical diagnosis of cervical carcinoma associated with genomic integration of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA. Yi Chuan. 2017; 39(9): 775-783. http://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.17-151.
27. Speel EJ. HPV Integration in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: cause and consequence. Recent results. Cancer Res. 2017; 206: 57-72. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43580-0_4.
28. Woodman CB, Collins SI, Young LS. The natural history of cervical HPV infection: unresolved issues. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007; 7(1): 11-22. http://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2050.
29. Kreimer A, Clifford G, Boyle P, S. F. Human Papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005; 14(2): 467-475. http://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0551.
30. Quintero K, Giraldo GA, Uribe ML, Baena A, Lopez C, Alvarez E, et al. Human papillomavirus types in cases of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck in Colombia. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2013; 79(3): 375-381. http://doi.org/10.5935/1808-8694.20130065.
31. Ordóñez D AN, García L, Collazos P, Bravo L. Oral cancer in Cali, Colombia: a population-based analysis of incidence and mortality trends. Salud Publica de Mex. 2014; 56(5): 465-472.
32. Erira A, Motta LA, Chala A, Moreno A, Gamboa F, Garcia DA. Genotyping, levels of expression and physical status of human papilloma virus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma among Colombian patients. Biomedica. 2015; 36(0): 14-24. http://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica. v36i0.2912.
33. Dewhirst FE, Chen T, Izard J, Paster BJ, Tanner AC, Yu WH, et al. The human oral microbiome. J Bacteriol. 2010; 192(19): 5002-5017. http://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00542-10.
34. Zarco MF, Vess TJ, Ginsburg GS. The oral microbiome in health and disease and the potential impact on personalized dental medicine. Oral Dis. 2012; 18(2): 109-120. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01851. x.
35. Sonnenburg J, Fischbach MA. Community health care: therapeutic opportunities in the human microbiome. Sci Transl Med. 2011; 3(78): 78ps12. http://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3001626.
36. Simonetti AC, Melo JH, de Souza PR, Bruneska D, de Lima Filho JL. Immunological's host profile for HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis, a cervical cancer cofactor. Microbes Infect. 2009; 11(4): 435-442. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2009.01.004.
37. Ahn J, Chen CY, Hayes RB. Oral microbiome and oral and gastrointestinal cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control. 2012; 23(3): 399-404. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-011-9892-7.
38. Nagy KN, Sonkodi I, Szoke I, Nagy E, Newman HN. The microflora associated with human oral carcinomas. Oral Oncol. 1998. 34(4): 304-308.
39. Zhao H, Chu M, Huang Z, Yang X, Ran S, Hu B, et al. Variations in oral microbiota associated with oral cancer. Sci. Rep. 2017; 7(1): 11773. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11779-9.
40. Al-Hebsni NN, Nasher AT, MY M, Homeida HE, Chen T, Idris AM, et al. Inflammatory bacterium featuring Fusobacterium nucleatum and pseudomonas aeruginosa indentified in association with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1): 1834. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02079-3.
41. Chang C, Geng F, Shi X, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhao X, et al. The prevalence rate of periodontal pathogens and its association with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019; 103(3): 1393-1404. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-9475-6.
42. Pushalkar S, Mane SP, JI X, Li Y, Evans C, Crasta OR, et al. Microbial diversity in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma. FEMS Immunol Med Cancer. 2011; 61(3): 269-277. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00773.x.
43. Hooper SJ, Crean SJ, Lewis MA, Spratt DA, Wade WG, Wilson MJ. Viable bacteria present within oral squamous cell carcinoma tissue. J Clin Microbiol. 2006; 44(5): 1719-1725. http://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.44.5.1719-1725.2006.
44. Pushalkar S, Ji X, Li Y, Estilo C, Yegnanarayana R, Singh B, et al. Comparison of oral microbiota in tumor and non-tumor tissues of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Microbiol. 2012; 12: 144. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-144.
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Cómo citar
García Robayo, D. A., Bustillo Rojas, J. A., Gamboa Jaimes, F. O., Cid Arregui, A., Bernal Vélez, C. J., García Quiñones, M. D., & Hernández Sánchez, P. (2020). Cáncer escamocelular orofaríngeo: experiencias y avances en la Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia. Universitas Odontologica, 39. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.uo39.ceoe
Número
Sección
Dossier temático: Microbiología Oral y Salud Pública