Keywords
epigenética
histonas
metilación
factor de transcripción
How to Cite
Abstract
The mesenchymal epithelial transition (EMT) process allows a temporal epithelial cell to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in response to an internal or external stimulus. This process is characterized by the activation and repression of genes involved in different signaling pathways associated with migration, invasion and apoptosis. In this process epigenetics plays a fundamental role. Epigenetics comprises four mechanisms: DNA methylation, covalent modification of histones, non-coding RNA (mRNA) and chromatin-remodeling complexes, which regulate the expression of a gene without altering its sequence. In this review, the authors describe the main epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of the expression of genes that are activated and repressed concomitantly in the three phases of the EMT process: non-migratory phase, premigratory phase and migratory phase.
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