Microorganismos en lengua y saliva de pacientes edéntulos y con periodontitis crónica y su posible conexión con la Proteína C reactiva / Microorganisms in tongue and saliva of edentulous and chronic periodontitis patients...
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RESUMEN. Antecedentes: existe evidencia clínica y experimental que la proteína C reactiva (PCR) es un marcador de inflamación sistémica asociado a periodontitis crónica, siendo esta enfermedad la principal causa de edentulismo. Objetivo: identificar microorganismos periodontopatógenos presentes en pacientes edéntulos y en pacientes con periodontitis moderada/avanzada y establecer su relación con la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible (PCR-us). Métodos: estudio de corte transversal en 61 pacientes mayores de 30 años divididos en dos grupos: con periodontitis crónica y edéntulos, A cada paciente se le tomo una muestra de saliva y del dorso de la lengua para identificación microbiológica de microorganismos y muestra sérica para evaluación de PCR-us. La asociación microorganismo, PCR-us, grupo paciente. Resultados: PCR-us mostró un valor máximo de 1,12 mg/l en el grupo de edéntulos sin ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa con el grupo de periodontitis crónica (p=0,29); sin embargo, valores mayores de PCR-us se observaron en pacientes con microorganismos como Candida albicans, Porphiromona gingivalis, Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii), Capnocytophaga sp, Streptococcus intermedius (S. intermedius), y Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Conclusión: De acuerdo con los resultados de este estudio, no hay diferencia en PCR-us entre pacientes edéntulos y aquellos con enfermedad periodontal. Se encontraron periodontopatógenos en edéntulos principalmente Capnocytophaga sp, A. naeslundii y S. intermedius, tanto en lengua como en saliva.
ABSTRACT. Background: There is clinical and experimental evidence that the C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation associated with chronic periodontitis, being this oral disease the main cause of edentulism, and sharing in some cases, some microorganisms. Purpose: To identify periodontal pathogens in edentulous and moderate/severe periodontitis subjects, and stablish its association with us-CRP. Methods: Cross sectional study in 61 patients older than 30 years old, divided in two groups: The edentulous group and the other with chronic periodontitis. A sample of saliva and tongue dorsum surface was collected for microbiological identification, and serum us-CRP levels were also evaluated. An association between the microorganisms and the us-CRP in each group of patients was investigated. Results: us-CRP showed a maximum level of 1.12 mg/l in the edentulous group with no statistically significant difference when was compared with the periodontitis group. However, the presence of microorganisms such as Candida albicans, Porphiromona gingivalis, Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii), Capnocytophaga sp, Streptococcus intermedius (S. intermedius), and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was associated to a slight increase in the serum us-CRP levels. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there´s no difference in us-CPR between edentulous patients and those with periodontal disease. We found periodontopathogens in edentulous mainly Capnocytophaga sp, A. naeslundii, and S. intermedius in tongue and saliva.
microbiología oral, periodoncia, edentulismo, enfermedad periodontal, inflamación, proteína C reactiva, periodontopatógenos
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