Ganancia de peso en la mujer gestante asociado a condiciones clínicas y variables epidemiológicas
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The etiology of obesity is complex, including genetic, environmental, cultural and socioeconomic factors. According to the World Health Organization, 40% of women of reproductive age are overweight. The objective was to correlate pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and weight gain during pregnancy with epidemiological variables. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a third level hospital in Cali, Colombia, involving 300 pregnant women between 18 and 37 years of age. Socioeconomic, anthropometric, obstetric history, and medical history data were collected. The BMI for each woman at the beginning and end of pregnancy was calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed. Increased BMI at the beginning and end of gestation was positively correlated with age, a gestational diabetes diagnosis, and concern about weight gain during pregnancy. Decreased BMI was negatively correlated with Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Furthermore, a higher final BMI correlated positively with a diagnosis of hypertensive disorder and negatively with socioeconomic status. It is concluded that excessive weight gain before and during pregnancy is a predictive factor in the appearance of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders, differentially affecting women from lower socioeconomic groups.
Body Mass Index, gestational obesity, pregestational obesity, pregnancyÍndice de masa corporal, obesidad gestacional, obesidad pregestacional, embarazo
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