Palavras-chave
trasplante
órgano
Como Citar
Resumo
Introducción: en pacientes sometidos a trasplantes de órganos sólidos, la tuberculosis continúa siendo una complicación frecuente, especialmente en los países con alta endemia.
Objetivo: determinar la presentación de tuberculosis en los pacientes sometidos a trasplante de órganos sólidos, describir sus características demográficas y su evolución y revisar la literatura científica.
Materiales y métodos: se trata de una serie retrospectiva de casos de tuberculosis en pacientes sometidos a trasplante cardiaco o renal, entre junio del 2004 y abril del 2011 en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio de Bogotá, Colombia. Se determinaron sus características clínicas, su evolución y resultado.
Resultados: de 187 pacientes sometidos a trasplante de órganos sólidos, en tres se diagnosticó tuberculosis (dos casos de tuberculosis pulmonar y uno por diseminación hematógena en pacientes con trasplante renal y cardiaco). En uno de ellos se presentó histoplasmosis pulmonar asociada. Un paciente falleció durante el tratamiento antituberculoso.
Conclusiones: los pacientes en lista de espera para trasplante deben ser evaluados para tuberculosis latente, dada la prevalencia de la enfermedad en nuestro país. Además, los pacientes con trasplante tienen mayor riesgo de contraer infecciones, lo cual se debe tener en cuenta entre los diagnósticos diferenciales de las enfermedades infecciosas respiratorias.
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